Galapagos Islands

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 Galapagos Islands: A piece of heaven on Earth 

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Galapagos Islands, a volcanic archipelago, are considered as the world’s premier location for wildlife-viewing. A part of the Galapagos province of Ecuador, the islands lie about 1,000km off the coast. Famous for its large number of endemic species, the islands have also been placed in UNESCO’s World Heritage List and are home to some beautiful creatures that exist on this planet. 

Geography 

 The Galapagos Islands consist of 18 major islands, 3 smaller islands and 107 islets and rocks. Located in the eastern Pacific Ocean 973 km off the west coast of South America and about 926 km to the east lays Ecuador, the closest landmass and the country to which they belong. The islands in the chain are located in both the northern and southern hemisphere. The Galapagos Archipelago covers an area of 7,880km2 spread over 45,000km2 of ocean. 

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Brief History 

According to the studies, South Americans were one of the early people who visited the islands during the pre-Columbian era. However, no permanent settlement occurred until the arrival of Spaniards in the 16thcentury. It is also believed that the early visitors were not satisfied with the lack of fresh water in the islands. Voyagers from Spain were the first ones to discover the islands in 1535. The Galapagos Islands first appeared on the maps of Gerardus Mercator and Abraham Ortelius, in the early 1570s. In the coming years and centuries, further voyages took place involving Britishers. However, the first permanent human resident on the Galapagos Islands was an Irish sailor who stayed on the Island Floreana for two years, from1807 to 1809.   

Travel and Tourism 

San Cristobal (San Cristóbal Airport) and Baltra (Seymour Airport) are the only two islands that are open for tourists. Until 1969 the only way to visit the islands was through a private or a chartered vessel. Today there are around 85 yachts and ships available for overnight guests. Land based hotels have also opened in four islands namely San Cristobal, Santa Cruz, Floreana and Isabela. The best way to visit the islands is to take a flight to either San Cristobal or Baltra and then take a cruise to your preferred site. The number of options available for the visitors to witness the beauty of Galapagos Islands is limited to 116, 54 land sites and 62 scuba diving sites.Licensed guides accompany the visitors, who are permitted to move in small groups, during their visit to the islands so that the impact on the area is limited and no species of flora and fauna is harmed. 

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Environment Protection  

Since the early 20th century, UNESCO in cooperation with the government of Ecuador has kept the Galapagos Islands on check, enacting acts to protect the flora and fauna and the natural habitat of the islands. In 1978, UNESCO recognized the islands as a World Heritage site and seven years later, in 1985, it was titled a biosphere reserve as well. In 2010, the World Heritage Committee decided to remove Galapagos Islands from the lists of places that are at potential risk to environmental threats and endangered species. 

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The Galapagos Islands is amongst the few places on earth that are worthy of being called a piece of heaven. With over 25,000 people inhabiting the islands and attracting tourists from around the world, Galapagos Islands remains to be a place filled with abundance of natural beauty and aura of life. 


                                                                                                    -Ishan Arora 

REFERENCES 

https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-bd&q=how+to+go+to+galapagos+islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands

https://www.google.com/search?q=galapagos+islands&client=firefox

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