Jammu and Kashmir: Overcoming conflicts

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 Jammu and Kashmir: Overcoming conflicts 

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After years of conflicts, today Jammu and Kashmir, administered by India, is a region free from oppressions. Many lives have been lost; many fights have been fought, only in the hope of bringing peace to this naturally gifted land mass. Presently, one of the 8 union territories of India, Jammu Kashmir has a history to it that questions oppression, wars and the perceptions of justice. Is division and partition the only solutions for international conflicts?  

Jammu and Kashmir 

Earlier, Jammu and Kashmir was a princely state during the British East 

India company rule along with the British Raj in India during 1846 to 

1947;  which was a rule for more than a century. From 1954 to 2019, Jammu and Kashmir was a state administered by India, constituting the southern parts of the larger Kashmir region.  This region of Kashmir has been the cause of disputes between India, Pakistan and China since the mid-20th century.  

The Division 

After the Indo-Pakistan war of 1947-48, the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir was divided between India and Pakistan. Yet another division took place when the Aksai Chin area of Ladakh was conquered by China which led to the Indo-China war of 1962. Following the Indo-

Pakistani war of 1971, both the nations formed a line of control in Kashmir and negotiated on bilateral agreements to bring peace between the nations. 

Rebellion and Protests  

People of Kashmir have been misled for a long time believing that the 

Indian government has no love for the Muslim majorities. Since the late 1980s, prolonged conflicts have taken place between the Islamic militant separatists and Indian Army. Backed by Pakistan for an armed insurgency, the conflicts have kept on creating chaos and havoc. After witnessing some unrest, like the one in 2008 which happened because of the government’s decision to build shelter home s for Hindu pilgrims, Kashmir had always been under a constant state of uncertainty and fear until the dissolution of the old constitution and a brave step for reconciliation in 2019. 

A New Beginning

In August 2019, both houses of the Parliament of India passed resolutions to amend Article 370 and restructure the special status of 

Kashmir. At the same time, the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019 was passed which contained the provisions involving the dissolution of Jammu and Kashmir as a state and the formation of two new union territories; the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the union territory of Ladakh.  The reorganization act came into effect from 31st October 2019. 

Present Situation  

Amendment of Article 370 led to great distress among the people of Kashmir. With total lockdown, and military control for a short period of time, there is no denying the hardships of the innocent people of Kashmir. With different perceptions of people across the country, it was inevitable to face the sudden uprising after this tough call. With time things have settled. The special status of Jammu and Kashmir has been taken away and it is as good a union territory as the other 7 union territories of India. Lives have been resumed and work is back to normal.  

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Was it necessary to reconstitute Jammu and Kashmir? 

Prolonged conflicts and fights had made Kashmir a serious matter of concern for India. Agreed, that there might have been other possible solutions to bring peace at the state but the brave decision taken by the parliament of India was well thought of and is now proving to be the right call. This world needs no more fights, no more wars, no more divisions but a call for humanity that could heal the wounds of the past. 

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                                                                                                                 - Ishan Arora 


REFERENCES 

https://www.google.com/search?q=jammu+and+kashmir&client=fire fox-b-d&sxsrf=ALeKk01L9i9f6mBzLUL34J5sQf0Dr-

Ziuw:1587190947277&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi BoemEq_HoAhVCWX0KHewPDc0Q_AUoA3oECB0QBQ&biw=1440&bi h=786#imgrc=72L4NelJsVNOTMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(state)

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